maurice levy: bonjourto everyone. thank you for beingso many with us. i hope that you will understandmy broken english. and if you don't, i'msure that eric will translate to you. you have seen that the weatheris wonderful, so with such a weather to see that you are inthis room, it must be because you have heard thateric schmidt from google is with us.
eric, i'm very happy andgrateful that you have accepted this invitation. it's not a grill, despitethe weather. something which it shouldbe friendly. we will try to have aconversation, the two of us, and then hand it overto the audience. i think that eric doesn'tneed any introduction. everyone knows eric schmidt. he's the chairman andceo of google.
he's part of this very smallgroup of people who have been witnessing the birth ofthe silicon valley. i think that he has been apart of most every single adventure which happens tosilicon valley, and he is a scientist. he has been at two of the mostterrible school or university in the world, princetonand berkeley-- berkeley where he got hisphd in computer science. he has spent all his life inresearch, computer science,
developing tools, developingresearch. so he's somebody who knows alittle bit about the stuff that we'll be talking aboutand the things which has changed our life. he has joined larry page andsergey brin in 2001, and he has made what is google todaypart of our daily life. there is maybe two thingsthat [unintelligible] with your permission? eric schmidt: sure.
maurice levy: one isthat eric is a formidable and loyal friend. the second is that he has been asupporter of president obama since the very beginningof the election. so move maybe with the firstobvious question that any bad journalist-- eric schmidt: thank you verymuch for that very-- that's very too nice an introduction,and i'm very happy to be here. this is a very importantgathering, at a time when
advertising matters. maurice levy: and atthe time we're advertising the suffering. we see that despite the factthat there has been some financial difficulties, we havea good crowd of people because we are celebrating thegreat work and learning from the great work and people. it's your first timein cannes? eric schmidt: no, i'vebeen here before.
maurice levy: at the advertisingfestival? eric schmidt: no. maurice levy: i know. but that [interposing voices] eric schmidt: everyone has beento cannes a few times. maurice levy: yeah,sure, sure, sure. sure. but at the advertisingfestival? eric schmidt: firsttime to this.
maurice levy: ok. so you will tell us maybe onyour blogs what has been your filling when you willhave more contact. i have hundreds of questions,but i will start with one question which is relatedto the crisis. i would like to know if youhave seen in people's behavior, the change in the wayor in the kinds of things that they are searchingfor on google. eric schmidt: the biggest changehas been what you would
expect, which is that peoplehave changed from buying houses to buying lawyers to helpthem with the bankruptcy. and people getting mortgages arenow getting what we call refinanced mortgages. that people are looking, they'reusing the internet to solve the problems thatthey have today. the fact of the matter is thatin the last year there's been a global financial crisisand people have needed sources of money.
there are all sorts of variantsof that, but the simplest way to think about itis people react the right way. they use the internet to findwhat they need now. maurice levy: have you seen achange in the way they are looking for product or brands? have you seen if they havestarted to abandon brand, or the contrary, to go more forthe brands which are well-known, which is akind of [? pseudo ?] guarantee for them?
eric schmidt: we have seen thatpeople are taking longer to look for things. so they'll spend more timeon the internet shopping. so it takes a little longerto get the product. and they're also purchasingless expensive products. so the most expensive productshave suffered, we think, during this time, which again,is not a surprise. maurice levy: it's notreally a surprise. eric schmidt: but i think themost important to say during
this period is the internethas worked correctly. that people have become smarterwith respect to its use in a time of crisis, they'veused it to get a better advertising experience. they've educated themselvesbetter about a product, and they've purchased the onethat they could afford. maurice levy: staying on thecrisis, there is a lot of people who are predicting thatamerican people will buy less product, will spend less moneyin the years to come, and
there will be a shift to chinawhere chinese people and, to a lesser extent, indian peoplewill buy more. this shift in geography willchange something in the way you are developingyour business? eric schmidt: americans lovetheir credit cards. and america was built-- maurice levy: we love creditcard, by the way. eric schmidt: but not theway the americans do. maurice levy: now, when i saywe, i am thinking as publicis.
eric schmidt: oh, yes,the customer. [laughter] eric schmidt: our advertiserslove credit cards. but i'm concerned that if peoplethink that somehow america is going to stopspending, you do not understand the americancultural psyche. in the last year, our governmentand our central bank has created some numberof trillions of dollars to help us get through the crisisthat everybody knows about.
and that money will ultimatelybe spent in the form of consumer credit. so it's not obvious to me thatamerica's addiction to credit is going to change. i was shocked to discover thatamericans were beginning to save in the last six months,because historically, americans never saved anythingcompared to europeans or chinese or japanese. but my guess is that's atemporary phenomenon, and at
the moment people feel morecomfortable they'll go back to spending large amountsof money, which is the american pastime. the chinese situationis very different. the issue with china is thatchina has to become more of a self-contained economy. and that the economics of china,which have always been basically supplying goods toamericans, and americans providing--
maurice levy: and european. eric schmidt: but think of itas in the us/china dynamic, because the us dollar is theworld's currency, and because america's creating so many ofthem, china needs to buy america's debt. so that relationship, which ischina buying the debt of america, and america buyingthe products of china, is ultimately a dangerous one,although it can exist for many, many years.
that is an instability that willwork itself out over the next few years. maurice levy: and howthis is affecting google and your strategy? eric schmidt: well, we lovecredit cards for the same reason that you do. so google benefits and ouradvertisers benefit from this predilection that americanshave for credit and for europeans as creditand debit cards.
the overall crisis affectedgoogle because advertisers reduced their bids because thevalue of the customer was lower because theypurchased less. they reduced it less than inother advertising markets it looks like. so we're better off thanmost advertising, but we have been affected. we do think that the crisis islargely behind us, and that the worst period was thewinter and spring.
there was a point to six monthsago when i was worried that we were in a free fall,that google was just not going to come out any time soon. but things have stabilizedand that's good. maurice levy: as we are speakingabout geography, there is a question regardingthe use of internet, which is today, not only burningquestion, but a very important actuality, which has to do withthe use of internet in some countries.
for example, what you see iniran is that before the election they havebanned facebook. but the iranian peoplehave used twitter. we have seen also that infrance, for example, we try to have a low, you know, todiscipline the way people are using the internet, anddownloading music, et cetera, which is the law[unintelligible], which has created a lot of discussion,problems, et cetera. how google works with thegovernment in order to try
open windows to freedom, and tomake sure that people have a free access to informationand to the internet. eric schmidt: the internet isthe strongest force for individual self expression thathas ever been invented. governments around the world,even democratically elected governments, have greatfrustration with what people do with information. overall, we think that theopenness of the internet, the available of informationis hugely positive.
it's hugely positive for health,for education, for political stability, for theforces of peace, and so forth. dictatorship and closedcommunity, one after the other, will try to shut downcommunication from within a country to the outside. and the people within thatcountry now have a way of getting that information out. so as you pointed out, if theyshut down facebook they can use twitter, if they shut downtwitter, they can create a
digital file and they cantransport it over the border and then publish it. so in our view the strategiesthat government use to try to shut down political speech,people understand what's really going on, ultimatelyare terrible, terrible strategies, and theywill not succeed. in the iranian case, youtube wasa place where people were able to see someof the terrible things going on there.
we hope that the role thatyoutube and other sites have played has really moderatedan overreaction by the government. so the question is what doesgoogle do about it. we have lots of lawyers. we have lawyers in everyone of these countries. and the lawyers go and theytalk to the government and they explain to the governmentthat if they do this, then this will happen.
sometimes the governmentsmoderate their behavior, sometimes the governments ignoreus to their own peril. maurice levy: in china, infact, you had an issue. how finally have you beenable to deal with? eric schmidt: we have a similarissue in china in that under the laws in china thereis something which is generally thought of asa great firewall. it's a protection that keeps-- maurice levy: they knowabout chinese
walls, so it's firewall. eric schmidt: so it's afirewall and it keeps information from going intochina and out of china. the government has shown itswillingness to try to restrict communication. we operate in china, but weoperate under the laws of china, and they're prettyharsh in some cases. we have done some things thathave been important. so, for example, if we areforced to remove, by chinese
law, a piece of information,we will put in our result, "dear chinese user," in chineseof course, "the information you are seeking hasbeen removed by the order of the chinese government." now-- maurice levy: they like that. eric schmidt: all i can tellyou is in my experience chinese people arevery, very smart. and i suspect that they takethat as an invitation to keep
looking for that information. but that's all i know. [applause] maurice levy: much has beensaid or written about the election of president obamaand the role of digital. obviously, we know how much youhave supported president obama, and that you knowsomething about digital. so maybe you can tell us whathas been the predominant thing which has really changed.
and second, if there is somelesson for brands to take out from this. eric schmidt: i think it'spossible to understate and also overstate the importance ofthe internet and president obama and his election. if you go back to two and a halfyears ago, now president and senator obama wascompletely unknown. he faced a formidablechallenger, mrs. clinton, now secretary of state, who was verywell funded, very senior,
and a very impressive leaderin her own right. he used the internet when hedidn't have any money to generate the kind of supportthat you need as a challenger to a strong incumbent. i mention that because that'sa model for many industries. you're a new player againstan incumbent. you can use the internet to comein and get your message out inexpensively, to get anew idea, a new approach, which is, indeed, what thepresident did in his campaign.
once he became a successfulpolitical figure, again, unknown and untested, and provedhis success, he was able to raise money. he was able, and americanelections, unlike in europe, are ridiculously expensive. there was almost a billiondollars spent on this presidency between thetwo major parties. you can imagine the economicstructure that that implies. so president obama in hiscampaign, once he started
having money, used the internetto gather people who were interested supporters orpotential voters, and then he had a field operation whowould go visit them. that's a good metaphor forphilanthropy, for example, going forward. that was an election, talkingabout philanthropy, where in order to achieve somethinggreat, you have to have an internet presence, andyou have to have people on the ground.
you actually have to havea field operation. in medicine, for example, youcan have a site with all this great information, but you haveto have people who can go deliver it. so the insight for the obamacampaign is that you start using the internet when no oneknows who you are, and that as you become more successful youintegrate it with a very good customer service orfield operation. i think that those ideascan apply everywhere.
maurice levy: you are nottelling us that if you are a brand leader you don'tneed to use internet. eric schmidt: well, indeed, thebrand leaders have many advantages because the brandis already established. the issue that a brand has isthat they're always vulnerable to a new brand comingfrom left field. now, we may disagree on this. my argument about brandsis actually that brands are earned.
that a brand is earned-- maybe we agree then. maurice levy: weagree on that. eric schmidt: thatyou earn it-- maurice levy: definitely. eric schmidt: --and you earnit person by person. and so what i would say for anincumbent, a large existing brand, is they need to go backright now and look at what people are doing and say am iearning that brand right now,
because otherwise a challengercan come along and enter in a new brand. in the global brands, there havebeen the arrival of many new brands, google beingone, but only one. you mentioned twitter,which no one had heard of a year ago. you mentioned facebook, no onehad heard outside of the us universities, maybethree years ago. so those are two verysignificant new brands that
have arrived becausethey earned it. they did something uniqueand special and they did a good job. maurice levy: the crisis hasleft google untouched, and we have seen that the growth ofgoogle has been slowing down-- still very positive,but slowing down. there is a lot of brands whowould be very happy to have your growth. what the two or three key thingsthat you have done to
face the current crisis? eric schmidt: one of the thingsthat we don't talk about at google is how tightlywe run the business. we would prefer to talk aboutlava lamps and all the people on skate boards andthings like that. but indeed, in the last year,our primary focus has been on literally tightening up theway we run our business. it's important to run a tightbusiness, but it's also important to havecreative things.
so what we've tried to do is tokeep all of the things in our culture, which are thepart that are creative. so for example, at google,engineers are encouraged to spend 20% of their time onthings which they find interesting. so we kept that. we kept the free food because wewant people eating together and having fun together forbreakfast, lunch and dinner, seven days a week.
maurice levy: you have the freefood everywhere or only in mountain view? eric schmidt: the free foodis everywhere, and it's essentially all days in mostplaces, even in paris. maurice levy: ok, so i will askthe publicis people to go to visit you. maurice levy: we are tighteningour belts, so it's important that[interposing voices] eric schmidt: but you know, thisinteresting thing about
food is that food that's servedto a corporation is actually not very expensive,because you can buy it in bulk, the preparation is notexpensive, and compared to the cost of labor-- and in europe the cost of laboris very, very high, as we all know. you're better off having happyemployees, so you should give them their free food. maurice levy: i willthink about.
[laughter and applause] we are not even givenfree coffee. eric schmidt: there's noteven free coffee? maurice levy: we may startwith free coffee. i would like to moveto another place, which is about talent. in cannes, what we do isto celebrate talent. it is the place where creativepeople are celebrated for their work.
great work, great talent is whatis most celebrated here. and if there is something forwhich google is well-known is for attracting andretaining talent. google has done admirable workon that, and you are admired and respected for this. now that you are a maturecompany or so, close to. eric schmidt: we wouldprefer to revere ourselves as a teenager. maurice levy: if teenagermature, which happened, i will
give you the list of the fewmovies where you see teenagers which are mature. how do you do to keep and toretain your talent, and still attract your talent with thesize you have and the position you have? eric schmidt: but people workin companies for something other than money. people work in companies becausethey want to make a difference.
publicis, the people that i'vemet who work for you like working at publicis becausethey actually like what they do. that's why they come to work. and so the most important thingfor any leader is are your people enjoyingwhat they do? do they make a difference? in our case, we believe thatthe mission of the company, which transcends any of thepeople including myself, is to
make the world a better place. that's a very powerfulmotivation for-- and we have lots of new ideas,not all of them happen, but we encourage a culture where peoplefeel like they can at least propose a clever newidea to save the world. maurice levy: that is great. and you know that we have incannes the first expression of the work that the advertisingagencies, which for once have not competed one against theother, but worked together to
help or to solve the issue ofclimate change with a great-- what they consider a great line,which is hopenhagan. we try also to contribute-- eric schmidt: but thisis a great example. the advertising agencies havegotten together, they decided that there is a threat to thewhole planet, and you're all going to get excitedabout this. partnerships will emerge fromthis, your customers will be happy, it's good for yourbusiness, and it's
good for the world. those are the kinds ofbusinesses that people are attracted to work in. maurice levy: i fully agree. i have never got as many emailsas the day i have announced to all ourorganization that we will be the most important partnerof the global fund. i think that in two or threedays, i have received more than 1,000 emails of people whoare very proud of what we
are doing for theglobal funds. staying on the creativefield, youtube-- we know everyone knowsexactly what it is. have you found today a modelwhere you think that you have arrived at the ad serving model,which is satisfactory, and they're profitable,and something which make you happy? eric schmidt: we're muchhappier now than we were a year ago.
we now have some ad formats,including a click to play and other sponsored videos, whichare beginning to bring in significant revenue tothe corporation. youtube is a cultural phenomenonof massive importance. so we would be happy withyoutube even if that had not occurred. but the good news now is thatthese new ad formats that we've brought out, and by theway, we're doing some of them
in conjunction with[unintelligible] and other partnerships, looklike they're going to be good opportunities for brandadvertisers. the rough argument goes that ifyou're advertising a brand you want to show a picture andyou want to show a movie. and youtube, two to three minutepromotional fun video, tends to get played. so if you could think of youradvertising, which is really about telling a story, andtelling it with music and
telling it in a fun way, ifyou can think in this new format, and then get thosethings onto youtube, people will watch them and it reallywill result in sales. maurice levy: well, i can tellyou that advertising people, when they see that, theircommercial on youtube and the number of clicks is somethingthat the are very proud of, because this is a merger ofthe interest that they are generating on the world. eric schmidt: we're beginning tosee partnerships with some
of your partners here in europe,for example, who are actually building a series ofyoutube videos, and they start off with one and it's anarrative, and at the bottom it says click on the next. and people will, infact, watch them. and they're funny stories thatinvolve the product, whether it's a car or a mop or whatever,and it works. maurice levy: good. i'm trying to be a goodjournalist, and a good
journalist has to be nasty. so i have read a lot of thingsabout how to behave, and they have to make the intervieweea little bit uncomfortable. so we have seen recently thatyou are shutting down some operations such as what youare doing on newspapers or [? the auction ?] of radio. so i have here two questions. one is the dream that you mayhave had in the past that google can do everything, is itsomething which is past, or
is it simply decided that youdon't believe anymore on traditional mediaand that you are putting your money elsewhere. eric schmidt: that's apretty good question. maurice levy: niceone, finally. eric schmidt: look, youask the questions, i'll judge the questions. i think the simplest answeris that our strategies there did not work.
and if you're going to have aninnovative culture, you have to be willing to try things thatmight not work, and if they don't work you have toactually say it didn't work. in the case of both radio and innewspapers, we thought that we could build online marketsthat would bring real value to those partnerships. but because we couldn't geta feedback signal in our network, because we couldn'taccurately figure out what the real price of the ad was, wecould not get the kind of
value that we have been able toget with text display, and now it looks liketelevision ads. so we don't yet know how tosolve the problems in those spaces, although we wouldcertainly keep trying if we have another idea. but as an executive, if you'regoing to tell everyone to take risks, you have to be willing toaccept failure and you have to be willing to keep thosepeople in your company and say try again, keep trying,keep trying, because
you learn by failure. maurice levy: yes,we learned a lot. maurice levy: in french wesay [speaking french], which means that the experienceis a name by which we are qualifyingour mistakes. eric schmidt: if you think aboutin life, the hardest lessons you learnedare the ones where you've made a mistake. so when i interview people, ialways asked them what's the
mistake that you actually havemade, and if they have made any mistakes they obviouslycan't work at google. but if they tell me a really-- maurice levy: because youbelieve that will start with google to make mistake. eric schmidt: that's right. but more importantly-- maurice levy: but you preferthat they have already-- eric schmidt: they've alreadymade [interposing voices]
maurice levy: --makemistake elsewhere. eric schmidt: that is right. no, but what i-- maurice levy: you will tellus from where you are hiring the people. what you really want is peopleto be candid and say i tried this and it didn't work andhere's what i learned. i tried this and itdidn't work and here's what i learned.
whether they'll tell it to youor not, those will become the defining things that willdrive what they do working with you. maurice levy: you have recentlymade a big, big bet on mobile, and we are, many inthis room will believe that the mobile communication one daywill emerge as one of the major media in the world. first, so far are you happywith what you have done on mobile communication?
and second, do you believereally that this dream of mobile communication, mobileadvertising will come to birth and when? eric schmidt: it's great to beback in europe where europeans have always been the leader inmobile, and americans are finally now getting the benefitsof the kind of networks that you all havehad for 15 years. so all of a sudden, americansand american companies are beginning to say, boy,these mobile
phones are pretty powerful. something that you've knownfor many, many years. again, many of the countriesin europe have higher than 100% penetration of mobilephones-- you all know this. it's a surprise to americans. so in our case, we agree withthat, and we think that this is the year when there willbe an explosion in new, powerful handsets. if you think about this nextgeneration of handsets, they
have a camera, a still cameraand now a video camera. there are more cameras in cellphones than there are in normal cameras, as we know. it's a gps device, so itknows where it is. it can run powerful programs,it has a big screen. oh, and by the way, it's also aphone, you could talk on it. maurice levy: yes. eric schmidt: yes,it's a shock. maurice levy: inthe us we can--
eric schmidt: you can evendo that [unintelligible]. maurice levy: oh. in france, we don'tdo anymore. eric schmidt: you'vegiven up talking. unlikely. anyway, these phones are likelyto ultimately be a better source of advertising,for example, for an advertising partner becausethey're more targeted. so if you think about a mobilephone, a mobile phone is
highly, highly personal. every single person in this roomhas a mobile phone, and one of the greatest crisis's youcould have is have someone take that from you or misplaceit or so forth. you really can't operate withit now, certainly not in the western world, certainly notin europe and the united states and china,india, and most other interesting countries. so the fact of thematter is mobile
phones are here to stay. the growth rates in mobilephones are twice that of the personal computer industry. the number of mobile phones thatare digital capable, that is internet capable, areestimated in the 800 million, which is roughly the number ofpersonal computers growing much faster. total number of mobile phonesin the world is more than three billion.
even in the poorest partsof the world, people are beginning to use sms and shortmessage service of one kind or another to do things like googlequeries and so forth. so this is very muchthe time when this new platform emerges. i think you all knowthat google has a two-prong strategy. one is to make sure that allof the mobile devices run google services very well, andthe other one is we have a
platform called in android,which some people are using to build one of the setsof mobile phones which are very powerful. maurice levy: i would like thatwe get some light, and that we have a conversation withthe audience, and give the floor to the audience,and if we can-- i don't know. [unintelligible]. if we can get some light.
in the meantime, i have onequestion for you, eric. you like advertising? eric schmidt: we loveadvertising. 98%-- maurice levy: not onlytheir revenues. i'm speaking for-- eric schmidt: 98% of ourrevenues is advertising. we love advertising. maurice levy: tellme, tell me.
i'm a great admirer of googleand the brand, and you know that we are partners andi'm very proud of that. you never spend a pennyto build your brand. when are you going to do that? to have great people in thisroom doing great work for you. eric schmidt: and some of thatwould be great to do it with publicis, right? maurice levy: if you say so,i would not contradict you. i will not say, no, chooseanother, pick another agency.
you're right, pick thebest-in-class, yes, publicis. eric schmidt: we have chosen topretty much operate from an end user referral basis. so if we do any kind ofadvertising, and we've done a little bit, we'll do it onvery specific things. i don't think we're going to dothe broad advertising that other people prefer. because we have such asuccessful site, we do, in fact, do some advertising on ourown site, which is sort of
cheating in that sense. in the sense that we can takeadvantage of the fact that we have both users andadvertisers. but in general we've not neededto, but we've been able to achieve what we needed. we do advertise in traderep magazines. for example, some of thegroups here, we have advertisements about some ourproducts for that reason. maurice levy: i was just givingyou an opportunity to
pick one agency, soyou have done it. so that's great. maybe there is some questionsin the room? audience: hi. i come from brazil. what was your biggest mistakein google specifically? maurice levy: i havenot asked for her. eric schmidt: by the way, thatis an excellent question. in general, first we'vemade lots of mistakes.
in general, the mistakes havebeen one of timing. that we should have donesomething sooner. so if you were to sort offorce me to give you an answer, i would haveentered china a couple of years earlier. we've got a couple of countrieswhere we have strong local competitors where had weentered earlier, we would have had a greater marketshare today. in these emerging markets, ifyou're not early, you can
lose, even though your productlater is better-- brazil, for example, we enteredearly, we've done very well there for all the reasonsthat you know. audience: thank you. audience: [inaudible]. eric schmidt: why don't you askthat question so people can hear it. the question is whenwill you end up by dominating the world.
i thought it was already done. eric schmidt: well i think yousee the limits of what google does by the things that we'venot been so successful at, or the things which havenot worked. so if google is a metaphor forthe success of the internet and creativity, then i thinkwe will have a very, very broad impact. i don't think that we're goingto go much past that because we're defined by the scaleof the internet
and what it can do. we have proven that we'rewilling to take end user positions against incumbents,and that drives a whole negative cycle, and you can seethis press cycle right now that we're going through. but we continue to believe thatif you take the position of what's good for the end user,your business will grow. maurice levy: ok, we havea question here. audience: i have a question.
you were successful online. i'm just wondering whenyou're going to be successful offline. in that case, i mean are yougoing to build a google town. i know that you invest ina lot of positioning systems and so on. eric schmidt: well we've hadquite a few people suggest things like they wantedto build a city for us using our money.
maurice levy: there is manypeople who would like to use your money, by the way. eric schmidt: so in general,i'm much more interested in people spending their money tohelp us than using our money to help us. because we like our money. we're a for-profit business. a lot of businesses these daysseem to be not-for-profit businesses.
we want to be a profitablebusiness. so in general, we've decided tostay pretty focused on the scaling of the online worldand integrate it together. every once in a while larry andsergey will come in, one day they came in and they saidthat they wanted to build refrigerators. and i said, refrigerators? they spent 10 minutes discussingwith me that current refrigerators werepoorly built, they were not
engineered right, they neededto be much smarter, and when you opened the door it wouldtell you what you were allowed to eat using the internet. about 10 minutes into this, irealized that this was a joke that they were playing on me. so we're not buildingrefrigerators. maurice levy: by the way,something that you should know, eric, that there are manypeople who are saying ok, if we had to build a car todayand we were google, what kind
of car would we buildin nowadays. i think this is a very goodquestion because the way google is operating has changedquite dramatically the way companies operating. obviously, to think about thisthrough that lenses is probably very interesting. eric schmidt: we're happyto serve as the inspiration of that. we're not in the carbusiness either.
i would be unlikely-- maurice levy: youare acquiring-- eric schmidt: that would beunlikely that we would do, especially given that the carindustry is largely owned by governments these days, whichis a separate discussion. the fact of the matter is thatthe internet forces you to become more efficient withrespect to your delivery to your end user. so a lot of industries whichhave a manufacturer, and then
a handler, and then a channeldistributor, and then a service organization and soforth are discovering that their supply chain to dealwith a customer is dramatically under pressurebecause of the cost. and the internet is brutally, in myview, changing that structure. maurice levy: i think we havetime for another question. i have a question here. and i'm on this side. on the other side.
yeah. hi. there has been a lot ofconversation in the last couple of days, in fact, martin[? terrel ?] posed the question to steve ballmer, thatthere is no balance in the source marketing space,and clients want that. so i don't know what your viewon that is, and i was hoping to get your view on bingif you have used it. eric schmidt: i have--
maurice levy: you have a view? eric schmidt: no, ihave used bing. we benefit from microsoft'scontinual re-entry into this market. eric schmidt: so weencourage them to continue with that strategy. maurice levy: eric, this isabsolutely against everything i know about you. so kind, so nice.
eric schmidt: i saidsomething nice. so there is one question here. audience: i read about thisexperience that you use advertisement to findthe best qualified engineering, the mit. and i was wondering if you wereplanning to do another one experience of this kind. eric schmidt: i'm sorry. to use--
to find the best-- audience: [unintelligible]campaign in the mit to attract engineers because you had aproblem that you couldn't solve, you couldn't find enoughqualified people to work in your company. and i was wondering if youwere planning to do more campaigns of this kind. eric schmidt: we'rethinking about it. we're always looking for thevery top technical talent,
because it takes a very specialkind of person to invent the kinds of stuff thatwe want in the future. what we look for in particularare people who have a passion and a belief about somethingthat could be. that they somehow see that thetechnology will come together in this new vision. so we're definitelyhiring and we'll definitely continue to try. we've done many things.
one of things we did is we hada test which we advertised, and unfortunately, people sawthe test and they put the answers in google, which did notprovide a very good test. so we keep trying. maurice levy: time has expired,but as i'm a french man, i'm not very respectful ofthis, and we will have one last question. eric schmidt: excuse me? thank you.
maurice levy: only one. audience: one from over here. i already got the microphone. please, please. maurice levy: go aheadand one here. pose the two questionsat the same time. go ahead. hello? audience: i was just wonderingif somebody has a great idea
for, let's say, a new platformor something like this, whom should he contact at the greatorganization like google? let's say there is anaustrian guy like me who has a good idea. i think i have a good idea. how is it possible toget the chance to present the idea to google? maurice levy: and do you havea question so we close? audience: i'd like to ask we'vejust seen the climate
changes, their most importantand critical issue confronting this generation andnext generation. other than just providing aplatform for communications, will google back a climatechange campaign more progressively? eric schmidt: on the idea side,the best thing to do is to find somebody at google andtalk to them about it. we have a way in which you cansuggest ideas, and indeed, we sought a set of proposals forhow to make the world a better
place with a whole prizeand that will come out later this summer. so we're constantlylooking for those. the best way to do it is eitherbecome an employee at google, because these thingshave to be done by more than one person, or find somebodywho you can share your vision with. with respect to the climatechange, there's only a few people left who have decidedto ignore the science and
decide that climate changeis not a huge threat. thank goodness that percentageis tiny now. the overwhelming evidence isthat the man-made, literally human change is causing all ofthe kinds of things that we hear about all the time. so it is very much, with thepossible exception of a nuclear proliferation, thebiggest issue facing us as a-- in terms of mass extinction,loss of biodiversity, and so forth.
it's true in the oceans, it'strue on land, it's true in the air, and so forth and so on. google's perspective,we have a series of initiatives around energy. we're funding, for example,alternative, renewable energy programs in the united states. we have a significant projectaround trying to re-do and re-think how the electricitygrid will work. we have a project which has beendiscussed publicly around
smart metering. we discovered that if you havea meter in your home that tells you your instantaneous useof power, since you're a smart and clever person, youwill actually reduce your power use enough to avoidbuilding many, many plants. we got so excited about this, weannounced a plan called the google energy 2030 plan, andyou can use your favorite search engine if you justtype that that in and it will come up.
it details a plan where wecould, in fact, replace much of the energy sources that arecoal-based and essentially fuel oil-based by renewablesand by hybrid electric cars over the next 22 years,21 years. so we've done all of that,and i suspect we'll do significantly more. i'm pleased to say that in theus campaign with the new president, there's a renewedfocus on something which the europeans have known aboutfor a long time.
i'm very, very hopeful thatthe copenhagen round will ultimately result in a verysignificant agreement around both budgets, as well assome form of credit and restrictions around carbon,which is obviously at the core of what we're doing. maurice levy: i would like tothank you very, very warmly. you have done a great job. i'm sure that people arefrustrated because they would have liked to stay more with youand to have more question.
but they can't stay in the roombecause just after this it's digitas who isdoing a seminar. so stay in the room. and thank you. eric schmidt: thankyou very much. thank you all.
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